Difference between revisions of "Oil Change Procedure"

Revision as of 00:17, 29 March 2009

Once you decide to change the oil in your bike, the process is not that difficult. First, gather together the needed supplies. You'll need oil, a filter and a drain pan. The silicone spray lube is for the cables, and any other external moving parts, such as the foot pegs, levers, etc. Also shown in this photo are chain lube (you should always have some around) and fuel stabilizer, since these pictures were originally taken for a winterization article.

Warm up the engine BY RIDING IT. Turn off the engine and let it sit for a couple minutes. Place the bike on the centerstand. Removing the lower fairing is optional. Some people prefer to do it because it's quick, gives you a bit more room in which to work, and minimizes mess; others think it's not worth the effort, so it's up to you; it's held on by 7 bolts.

First, remove the drain plug and drain the oil into a suitable 3+ quart pan (don't burn yourself). Removing the oil filler cap will help the oil drain faster. Let the oil drain for 15-20 minutes, or until it's obvious that no more is going to come out.

The drain plug and filter bolt can be quite stubborn to remove, so use a 6-point socket (17mm for the oil filter and drain plug) and long-handled ratchet, shown below. A 6-point socket is superior to a 12-point because it fits the bolt/nut better, providing more surface area and less chance of rounding off the head. In some more drastic cases a breaker bar may be helpful. Do not use your torque wrench to loosen the drain bolt; torque wrenches are only for checking torque as you tighten a bolt.

Make darn sure you are turning the wrench in the right direction. Make sure you don't spin the bike or pull it over on top of you while you're putting pressure on the ratchet. If the bolt is so tight that you really have to pull hard on it, get some help so these things don't happen. Other suggestions for supporting the bike.

After the oil drains, remove the filter bolt and plate, just in front of the drain bolt. More oil and a dirty filter element will come out. Be sure to keep all the springs/grommets in order. Once the oil is drained and the filter removed, check the filter for debris. If you see metal particles or other debris, it could mean serious engine damage is occurring. This filter looks clean, so it's time to install the new filter and o-rings.

Before replacing the filter, install new o-rings on the filter bolt and plate. Note that many riders do not replace the small o-ring at every oil change; if you don't separate the bolt from the plate, you should maintain a good seal.

Once the o-rings are in place, insert the bolt back into the filter plate. The oil filter assembly consists of the bolt/plate, a spring, a washer, the filter element, and the filter retainer. Note that the washer has a tendency to stick to the filter; check for it before pitching the old filter.

Place the spring over the bolt, follower by the washer as shown.

Then, place the filter element on the bolt (not a bad idea to dip your finger in your new oil and spread a bit around the two inner grommets on the filter, where it rides over the bolt), followed by the retainer as shown.

The filter assembly is now ready to install. Dip your finger in your new oil and spread a bit around the large o-ring to prevent it from catching and being pulled out of its groove as you tighten the assembly. Screw the bolt into the crankcase, making sure the o-ring stays in place. Tighten the filter bolt to 14.5 ft/lbs.

Here is a diagram of the filter assembly.

Make sure the drain plug washer is installed on the drain plug and tighten the drain plug to 14.5 ft/lbs (the same as the filter bolt). Use a new drain plug gasket (92065-097 GASKET, 12X22X2). Many people don't replace these every time, but they're cheap. Stock up. When you reuse the crush washer, you run the risk of oil seeping out around the already compressed crush washer. Why skimp on a $0.33 part (92065-097 from ronayers.com)? Two alternatives are Hyundai part #21513-23001 or Nissan #11026-01M02.

The torque value of 14.5 ft/lbs is very important. Don't over-tighten it or you risk stripping the threads out of the engine case. This is difficult to fix.

After you have both the filter and the drain plug installed and properly torqued, open the filler cap on the right side of engine if you haven't already. Fill with 1.5 quarts of your favorite oil. Wait a minute, then add a very small amount of oil at a time until the level in the sight glass is up to the upper mark. Replace the filler cap. Start the engine, make sure the oil light goes out, and let the engine idle for a minute. Shut the engine off and wait a few minutes before checking the window again. Add oil as necessary to bring the level up to the upper mark (when both wheels are on the ground). Repeat until the oil level is consistently in the center or higher of the view window. Keeping the oil at or close to the upper mark is desirable, but do not overfill it, as you could blow a gasket. This is why you're adding oil bit by bit.

You may also want to check the old oil for any contamination or debris. Dispose of old oil responsibly. (Recycle)

Make sure you check for leaks, and check your oil level frequently.

Notes

• When the bike is on its centerstand the level in the sight glass will be lower. When both wheels are on the ground the level will show a more full reading. (The bike is tilted forward and isn't level when on the centerstand, so the level appears a little lower.) The recommended check method is with both wheels on the ground, but there's only a small variation between on and off the centerstand; as long as you're in the middle of the sight glass or above with either method you're fine. Be happy and go ride.

• A common mistake when putting the oil filter assembly back together is to forget to replace the small washer (part #92022 in the diagram above). Many a rider has finished draining his/her oil pan only to find a tiny surprise at the bottom, or to find it stuck to the bottom of the old filter. Should this happen to you, there's no need to worry; one of our administrators admitted to riding 20,000 miles without his. However, it's really better to have it in there. Reinstall it at your next oil change. One good way to remember is to staple it to your manual at the oil change page.

• O-rings: Your new filter will usually (not always) come with two new O-rings. It's fairly obvious where the larger one (#671 in diagram above) goes, inside the filter assembly cap. The small one (#670) is supposed to go on the bolt that holds the whole assembly together, but if you leave the bolt attached to the cap (#14025) there's no need to change this O-ring. Hang on to it, though, on the very off chance that the old one starts leaking. Most club members rarely change it and never have any problems.

Often forgotten: Checking the oil screen

This is something that should be done at least by the second or third oil change on a new bike, and on the first on a used one. For more information, look here.